Facts & Figures about Nepal

LOCATION :
Latitude	26°22'N to 30°27' North
Longitude	80°04'E to 88°12' East
SIZE : NEPAL FACT SHEET
Area	147181 Sq. Km.
Geography	Situated between China in the North and India in the South, East and West
Length	885 Km. [East to West]
Width	Non-uniform, Mean width of 193 Km. [North to South]
Altitude	70 meters to 8848 meters
Capital City	Kathmandu
Language	Nepali
Currency	Nepalese Rupee
Religion	Secular State
Fiscal Year	Nepalese Fiscal Year starts from Mid July
Political System	Constitutent Assembly (Republic)
National Bird	Impean Pheasant (Danfe)
National Flower	Rhododendron Arboreum (Lali Gurans)

Administrative and Physical Division
Administratively, the country is divided into five development regions, i.e., Eastern, Central, Western, Midwestern and Far Western. The regions are further divided into a total of 75 Districts with a total of 3,915 village development committees (VDCs) and 58 municipalities. A VDC is the smallest administrative unit, which is further divided into nine wards, each of which elects a representative to the VDC. VDCs are considered as grassroots political institutions, through which the people are expected to participate directly in the planning, programming, and implementation of development programs and projects at the local level. The municipalities are also divided into wards, which range from 9 - 35. The number of wards varies as per the size of the town.

The next level in the administration is composed of the District Development Committees (DDCs). With the passing of the New Act on Local Self Governance (1998), the DDCs are supposed to undertake planning and programming exercises within districts and implement them. Only national level projects fall under the authority of the Central Government.

Climate
Nepal has huge variance in attitude and topography, hence diversity of weather and climate. The country experiences tropical, meso thermal, micro thermal, taiga and tundra type of climate. There are four climatic seasons in Nepal namely- spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring and autumn are the most pleasant seasons. The Terai is hot and humid in summer with temperature going up to 41o C. The mid-mountain regions are pleasant all round the year. The Northern Himalayan region has an alpine climate. In Kathmandu the maximum temperature in winter is normally 18° C to 20°C and in summer it goes to about 30°C- 32°C.

Nepal receives most of its rains during the three summer months Mid June – Mid September. The annual rainfall in Katmandu generally exceeds 1300 mm. The mean annual precipitation ranges from more than 6000 mm along the southern slopes of the Annapurna range in central Nepal to less than the 250 mm in the north central portion near the Tibetan plateau. Amounts varying between 1500 and 2500 mm predominate over most of the country. On an average, about 80% of the precipitation is confined to the monsoon period (June-September). The highest annual rainfall recorded so far is 4217 mm at Pokhara in 1993.

Geographic Division
( Census year 2001) Ecologically Nepal can be divided into three ecological regions: Namely: Mountain: 35 percent, Hill: 42 percent, Terai: 23 percent.

Mountain Region:
The altitude of this region ranges between 4877 meters and 8848 meters with the snow line running around 8848 meters. It includes 8 of the existing 14 summits in the world, which exceed the altitude of 8000 meters. They are: (1) Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) - 8848 m (2) Kangchenjunga - 8586 m, (3) Lhotse - 8516 m, (4) Makalu - 8463 m, (5) Cho Oyo - 8201 m, (6) Dhaulagiri - 8167 m, (7) Manaslu - 8163 m, and (8) Annapurna - 8091 m.

Hill Region:
This region accounts for about 64 percent of total land area. The Mahabharat range that raises up to 4877 meters forms it. To its south lies the lower Churia range whose altitude varies from 610 meters to 1524 meters.

Terai Region:
The lowland Terai region, which has a width of about 26 to 32 kilometers and an altitude maximum of 305 meters, occupies about 17 percent of total land area of the country. Kechanakawal, the lowest point of the country with an altitude of 70 meters lies in Jhapa District of the eastern Terai.

VITAL STATISTICS

Population	1991 Census	2001 Census	2011 Census
Male	9220974	11563921	12927431
Female	9270123	11587502	13693378
Total	18491097	23151423	26620809
Average Annual Population
Growth Rate	2.1%	2.24%	1.40%
Number of Households	3328721	4253220	5659984
Population Density per Sq.Km.	125.6	157	181
Average No. Household Size	5.6	5.44	4.70
Crude Birth Rate	--	33.1	--	per 1000 population
Crude Death Rate	--	9.6	--	per 1000 population
Total Fertility Rate	--	4.1	--	per woman
Infant Mortality Rate	--	64.4	--	per 1000 live birth
Child Mortality Rate	--	91.2	--	per 1000 live birth
Life Expectancy (yrs.) at Birth	--	60.4	--
Literacy Rate (of Total Population)
Both Sex	39.6%	54.1%
Male	54.5%	65.5%
Female	25.0%	42.8%
Economically Active Population (of Total Population)
Both Sex	39.69%	42.76%
Male	47.45%	48.48%
Female	31.97%	37.05%
Compiled by Research & Information Division of FNCCI from various publications of Central Bureau of Statistics.

PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION AGED 10 YEARS AND ABOVE BY OCCUPATION CATEGORY

Occupation Category	Rural / Urban Markets		Markets of Ecological Region			Markets of Development Region				Overall*
	Rural	Urban	Terai	Hills	Mountain	EDR	CDR	WDR	MFWDR
Agriculture	12.0	4.7	8.6	7.8	4.6	7.6	6.8	7.1	12.3	7.9
Business / Industry	13.3	12.3	11.4	13.0	21.3	14.3	12.9	12.9	9.8	12.8
Service / Teaching	8.4	12.9	8.3	13.0	10.0	8.6	13.6	9.3	9.6	10.9
Housewife	19.5	22.3	22.2	20.5	18.3	19.9	21.7	21.2	21.4	21.1
Student	29.9	27.4	28.4	28.6	28.3	27.9	26.6	29.6	32.9	28.5
Wage Earner	4.3	3.6	5.2	3.1	2.5	5.3	3.6	3.2	3.1	3.9
Domestic Worker	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.4	2.5	1.6	1.4	1.3	1.8	1.5
Others	11.3	15.2	14.5	12.7	12.6	14.9	13.4	15.5	9.2	13.5
Total	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100

AVERAGE MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD INCOME BY DOMAIN

Occupation Category	Rural / Urban Markets		Markets of Ecological Region			Markets of Development Region				Overall*
	Rural	Urban	Terai	Hills	Mountain	EDR	CDR	WDR	MFWDR
Agriculture, Livestock & Fishery	2403	1634	2299	1773	1972	2488	1868	1524	1980	1994
Salary, Allowance, Wage & Pension	5047	10029	6021	9102	6018	5778	9557	8343	5692	7698
Business, Service Enterprise & Other related	6523	9458	6905	8666	10903	8056	8360	9053	6400	8085
Remittance	4582	4254	5436	3888	2121	6747	2527	8047	1059	4407
Inputed Rent	1667	3789	2113	3327	2514	1997	3437	3161	2180	2796
Miscellaneous	2003	2771	2774	2267	1225	3024	1860	2904	2183	2411
Total	22225	31935	25546	29023	24754	28090	27608	33032	19494	27391

Population Projection:

Year	2008	2009	2012	2015	2018	2021
Total	26966581	27504280	29128517	30772071	32452967	34172144
Male	13515938	13790836	14621285	15461687	16320848	17199235
Female	13450643	13713444	14507232	15310384	16132119	16972909
Compiled by Research & Information Division of FNCCI from Statistical Year Book of Nepal, 2007.

EDUCATION:

A. Non-Technical Manpower Production in Higher Education
(Certificate, Bachelor, Master and PhD)

B. Technical Manpower Production in Higher Education:

C. Number of Schools and Students:

					Number of Students in '000
Academic	Primary		Lower Secondary		Secondary
Year	School	Student	School	Student	School	Student
2007	29220	4419	9739	1444	5894	671
2008	30924	4782	10636	1467	6516	715
2009	31655	4901	11341	1604	6928	790
2010	32684	4952	11939	1700	7559	812

D. Number of Teachers:

					In Number
Academic	Primary		Lower Secondary		Secondary
Year	Total	Trained	Total	Trained	Total	Trained
2007	116846	77630	27903	14606	20674	14478
2008	143574	96298	37068	20035	26925	19202
2009	153536	113096	40259	23021	29109	23193
2010	167216	134991	46032	29265	33835	28780

E. Sectoral Distribution of Schools, Students and Teachers under Public and Private Sectors for the Academic Year 2010:

							In numbers
Sector	Primary			Lower Secondary			Secondary
	School	Student	Teacher	School	Student	Teacher	School	Student	Teacher
Nepal	32684	4951956	167216	11939	1699927	46032	7559	811910	33835
Public	23165	3818625	102350	5357	1115473	25772	3090	515638	19584
Community	4683	544818	24201	3504	353660	6666	1919	164216	2072
Private	4836	588513	40665	3078	230794	13594	2550	132056	12179

HEALTH SERVICES

In Numbers
SN	Description	2006/07	2007/08	2008/09	2009/10	2010/11*
1.	Extension of Services	4396	4396	4392	4393	4393
	a. Hospitals	87	94	102	102	102
	b. Health Centers	6	5	5	0	0
	c. Health Posts	676	699	676	1176	1698
	d. Ayurvedic Services Centre	293	293	293	291	291
	e. Sub-Health Posts	3129	3104	3114	2617	2095
	f. Primary Health Centre	205	201	202	207	207
2.	Hospital Beds	6944	6944	6944	6944	7049
3.	Skilled Manpower	91744	91840	92010	92181	82994
	a. Doctors	1361+	1457+	1627+	1798	1798+
	b. Nurses#	11637	11637	11637	11637	12681
	c. Kaviraj (Ayurvedic Physicians)+	394	394	394	394	407
	d. Vaidya (Ayurvedic Physicians)+	360	360	360	360	360
	e. Health Assistants	7491	7491	7491	7491	8013
	f. Health Workers (MCHW)	3190	3190	3190	3190	3190
	g. Village Level Health Workers	3985	3985	3985	3985	3985
	h. Other Members (Trained Sudeni, Women Health Volunteers)	63326	63326	63326	63326	52560
* First Eight Months, + Total Doctors including 193 Scholarships
Compiled by Research & Information Division of FNCCI from Economic Survey.